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A Comprehensive Survey of Paper-Based Microfluidic Analytical Devices in Forensic and Clinical Toxicology

Abstract

Ellio Dossi

Advancements in analytical techniques have revolutionized the fields of forensic and clinical toxicology, enabling faster, more sensitive and portable methods for drug screening and toxicological analysis. Among these innovations, paper-based microfluidic analytical devices have emerged as a promising technology, offering several advantages over traditional methods. In this article, we will delve into the world of paper-based microfluidic devices and explore their applications in forensic and clinical toxicology. Paper-based microfluidic analytical devices, also known as Paper-Based Analytical Devices (PADs) or Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices (μPADs), are a class of miniaturized diagnostic tools that utilize the wicking properties of paper to transport and control fluid flow. These devices are constructed by patterning hydrophobic barriers on filter paper, creating channels for fluid movement and enabling precise reactions. They offer numerous benefits such as simplicity, cost-effectiveness, portability and rapid analysis, making them highly suitable for point-of-care testing in both forensic and clinical settings. Paper-based microfluidic devices have shown great potential in on-site testing for drugs of abuse, a critical need in forensic toxicology. These devices can detect a wide range of substances, including cocaine, opiates, amphetamines and cannabinoids, from biological samples like blood, urine and saliva. Their rapid turnaround time and ease of use can aid law enforcement agencies and forensic laboratories in obtaining quick results during criminal investigations.