Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede
Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) are a type of beef cattle native to Indonesia. Their size is relatively smaller (300-600 kg) than those of Bos taurus, but Bali cattle have high adaptability to tropical conditions, especially against some diseaeses. Efforts have been done to study the physiology of Bali cattle through their saliva as a non-invasive research material. Predicted Zymogen Granule Protein (G3MZ19) has been reported presence in Bali cattle saliva, however until now has not been characterized. In this paper, the results of our studies on the expression and the phylogenetic study of G3MZ19 fragment gene in Bali cattle are presented. PCR was carried out using the primers developed from Bos Taurus G3MZ19 gene (Ludwig NR database). Our studies revealed that G3MZ19 genes were expressed in the genomic DNA of Bali cattle. Results of dendogram with 1000 bootstrap replications indicate that Bali cattle are located within, but quite distinct from, certain Bos taurus’s predicted G3MZ19 genes. In addition to ruminants, in our dendogram analysis, we also incorporated mono gastric (humans and porcines) G3MZ19-related genes. However, evolutionary of Bali cattle G3MZ19 shows only Sus scrofa existed in the dendogram, while humans do not at all. What are the role of this G3MZ19 in Bali cattle, and how accurate its evolution in ruminants still needs to be investigated further?
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