The Immunohistochemistry for HPV infection in High Grade Squamous cell lesions of Esophagus Diagnosed on Endoscopic Biopsies

Abstract

Purvee Agrawal* and Arvind Bhake

Background: The recent report in the literatures refers to the role of HPV in pathogenesis of esophageal cancer with geographical biases. There were not many reports from India where in relationship between HPV and esophageal squamous cell high grade lesions were analyzed. Such studies are required to explore the role of HPV in esophageal Squamous cell carcinoma for its implication of prevention and treatment.

Aim: The aim of study was to observe the pathogenetic relationship between high grade squamous cell lesion and HPV detected on the tissue biopsies by immunohistochemistry .The another objective of the study was to study relationship of HPV with grades of SCC.

Methods: Fifty-six paraffin embedded blocks that were diagnosed as high grade squamous cell lesions were selected and the immunostaining for HPV was performed using mouse monoclonal Anti-Human Papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies (DAKO code M3528) against HPV.

Results: The study group 56 cases endoscopic biopsies of high grade SCC showed HPV positive IHC staining in total of 12 cases (21.42%) of which 1 case (1.79%) was of carcinoma in-situ and 11(20%) was of invasive SCC. All the 11 cases of invasive SCC were of well differentiated SCC which showed positive HPV IHC staining. The p-value for the results of HPV for high grade squamous cell lesions of esophagus was 0.0022 which was significant.

 Conclusion: There exists the association between HPV and esophagus high grade squamous cell lesions. These aspects of pathogenicity are required to be propped further at large sample studies to be carried out in divergent populations.