Обзор арабского журнала бизнеса и менеджмента

In recent years, there has been a dramatic growth in credit card usage among the people. This increase in the number of people holding credit cards and incurring credit card debt has generated concern that these people are overextended and unaware of the long-term consequences associated with severe indebtedness. Credit card unhealthy practices become been a world-wide challenge in the global business environment. The effect of default hits not only the victim, but also the banks, credit card companies, merchants and even the economies.

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of organizational leadership on promoting innovation. A detailed literature review is used, and it was completed by statistical techniques as follow: graphical and tabular representation of Data, factor analysis, and reliability analysis.
This analysis revealed that organizational innovation is promoted through collaborative leadership. Companies are urged to promote collaborative leadership.
This dissertation is among the first to highlight the effect of collaborative leadership on organizational innovation. It provides a valuable platform for Leadership scholars and practitioners who search for improving leadership, and organizational innovation.

The man purpose of the research is assessment of the factors that affect customer satisfaction on service quality in Ethio Telecom Dawro zone. To meet this objective both primarily and secondary data were collected. Of 300 respondents were employed. The primary data were collected to study customer satisfaction and using SERVQUAL model to measures customer satisfaction through service quality dimensions namely: reliability, tangibles, responsiveness, empathy and assurance. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistical tools, tabular, frequency and percentage. The studies were identified that factors affects customer satisfaction on service quality and the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction. From the results obtained, the consumers perceive service quality was good but it not more attractive in most variables and dimensions. So service quality has an impact on customer satisfaction and that shows there is a positive relationship between customer satisfaction and service quality.

This study examines the linkage between exchange rates and stock market in Nigeria using annual data from 1985 to 2015. In conducting the analysis, this study utilized Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and Granger Causality tests. Exchange rate, economic growth, money supply and stock market (i.e., all share indexes) were captured in the model. The results show that exchange rate and economic growth have positive and statistically significant impact on stock market in Nigeria, while money supply has negative and statistically significant influence on stock market over the study period. Granger causality results indicated that there is unidirectional causality running from exchange rate to stock market. Similarly, there is unidirectional causality running from stock market to money supply. It is also indicating no evidence of causality runs from economic growth to stock market and vice versa. This study recommends the following: there is the need for policymakers to ensure effective implementation of existing monetary policy instruments and device strong way of harmonizing monetary and fiscal policies in order to maintain stable exchange rate and avoid structural break that affect the whole system including the stock market. There is also the need for Central Bank of Nigeria to reduce the volume of money in circulation, this will help to reduce the price of goods and services in the economy vis-à-vis boosting the savings and increase the levels of investment in the long run.

The study has explored the impact of selected regulatory variables on performances applying a panel regression on 18 commercial banks in Ethiopia for the period 1999-2015. The variables used in the model are directly derived from the extant regulatory approach used by the Central Bank to regulate the banking business. The literature review also shows that most of them are enacted in other countries with few exceptions and mainly related to bill purchase requirements. The model constructed, therefore, has established and finds a statistically significant relationship in some of the regulatory variables with performance measures. The most important findings of this study relate to the negative impact of some of the recent policy directions from the regulator on performances. For instance, branch growth and bill purchases have a statistically significant negative relationship with bank performances. This should be one of the areas requiring policy flexing from the regulatory side in the future. Nevertheless, other policy direction such as capital growth requirement remains a positive contributor to performances. More specifically, the study finds that exchange rate has a positive and statistically significant relationship with the profit models. Despite the benefit of a depreciating local currency and a stable foreign currency type to shield them from currency fluctuation, it allowed banks to earn a ‘policy profit’. The depreciation of Birr permitted banks to enjoy a profit from their foreign currency holdings in the form of daily asset revaluations. Nevertheless, many of the variables (prudential regulatory variables) used in this study (interest rate, reserve rate, number of new entrant banks, and level of entry capital) are not statistically significant to influence on bank performances.