Журнал нефрологии и терапии

Diagnostic Value of Diffusion-Weighted Whole-Body Imaging with Background Body Signal Suppression for the Detection of Acute Pyelonephritis in Children: Case-Control Study

Abstract

Yasutaka Kuniyoshi*,Azusa Kamura,Sumie Yasuda,Makoto Tashiro

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS) as a diagnostic test for acute pyelonephritis (APN) in children.

Methods: Among inpatients under 15 years of age in a primary care setting, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records for 29 febrile children subjected to DWIBS to confirm or exclude APN. To assess the diagnostic value of DWIBS, the subjects were divided into 13 patients clinically diagnosed with APN and 16 non-APN patients. DWIBS findings were divided into positive, indeterminate, and negative based on visual observation.

Results: Likelihood ratios for positive, indeterminate, and negative prediction were 6.15 (95% CI, 1.90–19.97), 0.49 (95% CI, 0.13–1.83) and 0.14 (95% CI, 0.03–0.65), respectively.

Conclusions: This study is the first to estimate the accuracy of DWIBS for the detection of APN. Initial DWIBS is a sensitive method for the diagnosis of APN and can improve diagnostic performance.