Журнал фармакогнозии и натуральных продуктов

Background: Ethiopia is recognized as one of the richest biodiversity in Africa. This paper presents a review of relevant medicinal plants used for treatment of some urological and urogenital diseases in Ethiopia. Methods: This study is based on a review of the literature published in scientific journals, books, theses, proceedings, and reports. SPSS Version 20 and an Excel spreadsheet were used to summarize relevant ethno-botanical/medicinal information using descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage tables, and graphs. Results: A total of 146 medicinal plants, distributed in 127 genera and 64 families, are reported in the reviewed literature. The highest family in terms of species number was Cucurbitaceae (7.51%), Asteriaceae (7.51%), Euphorbaceae (6.20%) and Apiaceae (4.80%). A higher diversity of medicinal plants was reported from Southern nations and nationalities (44.5%), Oromia (41.1%), and Amhara (27.4%) regional states. Analysis of ethno-medicinal recipes indicated that mainly herbs (46.8%), followed by shrubs (32.6%) were growth form, while root (36.2%) and leaves (35.3%) were the most used parts. Decoction (26.1%), concoction (16.5%), and pounding (11.9%) were found to be the most frequently employed herbal remedy preparation methods and were administered orally. Conclusion: The review showed that many claimed medicinal plants were used for the treatment of urological and urogenital disorders across the regions of Ethiopian. Most of the medicinal plants are not scientifically experimented and yet are at a higher risk to loss mainly by different activities. Therefore, phytochemical studies are recommended mainly on frequently utilized medicinal plants, which can serve as a basis for future investigation in order to produce natural drugs.

High soil salinity is taken into account a serious threat for agricultural productivity in dry or coastal areas because of its enlarged incidence in irrigated lands that account for a serious a part of world food production (Flowers 2004). Thus, salinity is additionally a vital abiotic stress limiting (tomato) crop cultivation. Salt stress persistence twelve throughout the plants’ lifespan doubtless ends up in co-occurrence with further stress factors, either abiotic (e.g. heat, drought) or organic phenomenon (fungi, insects etc.) justifying any analysis on the impact of stress combos that embrace salinity.

Effect of medicinal plants on overall performance and serological parameters were explored in the laying birds. Forty weeks old 210-egg type birds were used as tested criteria. Birds were randomly alienated to 7 experimental groups with 3 replicates, consisted of 10 birds/ replicate. Data were recorded for serology and haematology of laying birds. Serum hepatic, lipids, kidney function parameters, serum antibody titre against Newcastle disease and haematological parameters were estimated at the end of trial. Significantly lower egg yolk and serum cholesterol was recorded in group Bl-1. Medicinal plants supplementation significantly lower the triglycerides level over the control group. Significantly improve/high level of high density lipoprotein was recorded in Tg-1, Bl-1 and Ta-1, while low level of low density lipoprotein was recorded in Bl-1 and Ta-1. Haematological parameters significantly improved in medicinal plants treated groups except haemoglobin and red blood cells counts. Hepatic biomarkers ALT and AST were recorded non-significant in all treated groups, while serum ALP and total protein was significantly altered in groups Bl-1 and Ta-0.5. Non-significant observations were recorded for nephro-protective effect of medicinal plants in laying birds. It is concluded from the results that medicinal plants possess hypolipidemic, haematological and hepato-nephro protective effects.

Background: Acute kidney injury is a serious medical condition that usually results in sudden loss of renal function and high mortality
rate in the world. The efficacy and the mechanisms of ethanol leaf extract of Moringa oleifera in promoting recovery from glycerol induced
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in rats was investigated in this study.
Methods: Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly sorted into five groups of seven animals each. Control received distilled
water alone, Untreated group received single glycerol (4 ml/kg) intramuscularly, two groups were pretreated orally with 50 and 100 mg/kg of
Moringa oleifera respectively for seven days and then injected with a single glycerol (4ml/kg) subcutaneously on day eight. Another
group received oral administration of Moringa oleifera alone at 100 mg/kg for seven days. The animals were later sacrificed through cervical
dislocation twenty-four hours after glycerol was administered.
Results: Serum and renal homogenate analysis revealed that glycerol induced significant increases in creatinine kinase renal band, nitric
oxide, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, myeloperoxidase, advanced oxidative protein products alongside a decrease in superoxide
dismutase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and an increase in the expression of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) and Nuclear
Factor Kappa Beta (NF-kB) using immunohistochemistry. Treatment with Moringa oleifera at both doses used brought on a reversal of these.
Conclusion: These results support the hypothesis that oral administration of methanol stem extract of Moringa oleifera is effective in abrogating
oxidative stress, attenuating inflammation, and enhancing nephrogenic repair after glycerol-induced AKI.

Objective: Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. (Cucurbitaceae) has many therapeutic effects such as anti-diabetic, antiinflammatory, and analgesic effects. In this study, the effectiveness of fruit pulp of this plant on peripheral neuropathy in two models of sciatic nerve pain. Materials and Methods: The fruit of plant, once collected, dried, then powdered and extracted by ultrasonic using ethanol solvent and condensed and dried for further steps. Pharmacologically, the analgesic effect of mentioned extract was evaluated. The chronic constriction injury (CCI) was inducing by placing four loose ligatures around the sciatic nerve, proximal to its trifurcation and spared nerve injury (SNI), Cut off one branches of the three root of the sciatic nerve output and pull it forward. Then, in both cases CCI and SNI muscle and skin suture separately. Locomotors activity, paw withdrawal cold allodynia and paw withdrawal thermal latency (thermal hyperalgesia) of rats were measured on 3, 7,10 and 14 post operated day and calcium content and pathologic were measure in nerve tissue. Results: A 14-day treatment with extract (1, 2, and 3mg/kg, i.p.) for different days starting from the 1st day after CCI operation significantly attenuated locomotors activity and paw withdrawal thermal latency. Ethanol extract also decreased lipid peroxidase and myeloperoxidase activity. However, administration of the extract for 14 day significantly attenuated chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain and also decreased the oxidative stress and calcium level. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that Citrullus colocynthis extract could be useful in the treatment of different kinds of neuropathic pains and as an adjuvant to conventional medicines.

Medicines are medically prescribed treatments for the improvement of disease conditions, the restoration of good health and human vitality. Marine medicine, in relation to ocean derivatives, is the restoration of fitness. Via prevention and care as medicine, it includes a number of procedures using marine species to preserve health. Marine medicine is a science of prevention and recovery in relation to ocean derivatives to cure, preserve and restore health. It has a corollary area called Dive Medicine that is related. The marine ecosystem is a source of specific natural products that accumulate primarily in living organisms and function as pharmacologically active substances that are useful. Significant sources of biomedical compounds include marine sponges, molluscans, bacteria, corals, ascidians, bryozoans and vertebrates

The hyperlipidaemia is the condition in which extra fats are deposited on tissue of organs of body. The high lipid level in body shows the coronary artery disease and heart diseases. It also cause the hypertension and also affect on kidney. These conditions also treat by allopathic drug like statin and vitamin B3. The high level of lipid or fat are harmful to health is also cause death. The hyperlipidemia are cause due to improper diet, consumption of alcohol, icecream and oily foods, etc. The green tea is antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, antimicrobial properties and also control the level of cholesterol. Green tea helps to treat the hyperlipidaemia. The various active components of green tea are theophylline, theobromine, caffeine, catechine and epigalepigallocatechine. The most active componet i.e epigallocatechine are responsible to treat the hyperlipidemia. The ginger is antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antimicrobial and Antihyperlipidemic properties. The active component of gineger is gingerol help to treat the hyperlipidemia. The honey is the source of sugar. It act as antioxidant and also show Antihyperlipidemic property. It also helpful to increase the digestion.This research study shows the Antihyperlipidemic activity of green tea, ginger and honey. Both are helpful to reduce the lipid level of body and maintain the health of heart, and other body organs also

The success of modern pharmaceuticals is one of the main achievements of the 20th century. Drugs such as penicillin, streptomycin, and vincristine, among others, have contributed greatly to human disease control since their emergence early in the 20th century. New drug treatments have increased the length of human life and enhanced the quality of life. Society has become increasingly dependent on the availability of safe and effective pharmaceutical products in this respect.

Juniperus is one among the main genera of family Cupressaceae family consisting of roughly seventy species. Juniperus excelsa Bieb. is massive ligneous plant or tree, unfold chiefly throughout the japanese Mediterranean ranging from north-eastern Ellas and southern Balkan nation across Turkey to the Middle-East countries (Syria and Lebanon) and also the mountain range.

The aim of present study is to evaluate the activity of Phyto embryo extracts of Cedrus libani A. Rich in integrated medicine to treat and to
prevent some forms of dermatitis diseases. In Phytembryotherapy Cedrus libani is considered an excellent skin protector orally used in
skin disorder's treatment. It was administrated a commercial Phyto embryo extract of Cedrus libani. Patients were monitorated for 3
months. They were divided in two groups: 3 children (A, B, C) and 2 adults (D, E). Dosages were different in two groups: 5 drops in the morning
for two weeks and two weeks of pause in children and 7 drops in the morning and 7 drops in the evening for 3 weeks and one week of pause in
adults. Drops have been diluted in a small part of water. Moreover we continued the follow-up for other 12 months to verify the appareance of
skin disorders relapses. Pruritus, dry and redness skin are disappeared in many part of the body. There are disappearance of itchy
sensation and an improvement of symptoms of psoriatic skin. During the follow-up there are no skin disorder relapses. Before this clinical
approach, patients did not resolve their dermatitis diseases. The combinaton with Phyto embryo extract of Cedrus libani could stimulate the
organism about a mechanism similar to self-healing. On the basis of described studies in this article, "Cedro del Libano fee" could be
considered an important clinical remedy to resolve forms of dermatitis

Germination of Fruits from Rajasthan (Ajmer) variety is Authenticated with accession Collection No. 55181e followed by Gaseous and
surface sterilization were impinged in purified water over night and fruits mixed with concentrated Sulphuric acid for one hour and continue
with 1% HCL moistened for one week then washed with distilled water three times and drained, and excess of acid neutralised with 10%
calcium carbonate Washed with distilled water and confirmed that drained water is Neutral pH. Twenty fruits were transfer to a Sterilized
petri dishes of four inch dia were opened cautiously in a laminar flow, a circular germinating paper inserted and 10 ml of Half concentration
of MS liquid media with 1000 μ Gibbrellic acid per liter of media from (20 ml) was transferred to petri dish and 20 fruits were dispersed on
circular special germinating filter paper and petri dish is sealed with wax elastic paper and transferred to storage racks in light and day room
(12 hours change) at 25 degrees temperature,

The use of herbal medicine is prevalent among patients with chronic health problems. A research towards herbal medicine use by diabetic
patients is limited in Ethiopia. Hence, the present study was aimed at assessing prevalence of herbal medicine use among Type II diabetic
patients visiting diabetic clinic of Dessie referral hospital (DRH), Ethiopia. From 341 study participants, 114 (33%) of the respondents
were used traditional herbal medicine. 41 (36%) of the participants were used herbal medicine for the treatment of DM. The most frequently
used herbal medicines were Garlic (42%), Damakesie (18%), Aregeresa 15(13%) and Moringa 13 (11%). The use of herbal medicines
and conventional antidiabetic medicines could cause potentially serious herb-drug interactions.

Uterine fibroids are becoming a common pelvic benign tumor among women of reproductive age in Ghana. This study aimed at evaluating the
anti-fibroid property of femitol on MSG-induced uterine leiomyoma in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Total plasma cholesterol, plasma estradiol
concentrations and uterus weight to body weight ratio were determined in normal rats, rats in which MSG (800 mg/kg) and an ethanolic extract
of femitol (80, 160 and 400 mg/kg) had been administered concurrently for 30 days, as well as pretreatment with 800 mg kg MSG treatment for
30 days and treated with femitol (80, 160 and 400 mg/kg) for 30 days. Acute and delayed toxicity tests were carried out to establish the safety
for use of the extract by cage-side observation, assessing hematological, liver and kidney function. Histopathological studies on the liver and
kidney were also performed. Total plasma cholesterol and estradiol were significant elevation (P ≤ 0.001) together with an elevation of uterus
weight to body weight ratio by 71.55% on treating normal female rats with 800 mg kg-1 MSG. Preventive and curative treatment of MSG-treated
animals with 80 and 160 mg/kg femitol significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.001) the elevated plasma cholesterol and estradiol with a subsequent
lowering of uterine/body weight ratio. Pictures showed decrease uterine cell proliferation. Biochemistry results indicated no significant changes
in liver and kidney functions. Histological studies showed no significant femitol-treatment damage in the liver and kidney. Findings suggest that
femitol has antifibroid activity and is safe to use